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3 months ago
Julia Ma
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Part-2 here: Single-cell RNA-seq: Preprocessing: Data integration and batch correction-2
Part-3 here: Single-cell RNA-seq: Preprocessing: Data integration and batch correction-3
Full article lifted from: https://omicverse.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Tutorials-single/t_single_batch/
An important task of single-cell analysis is the integration of several samples, which we can perform with omicverse.
Here we demonstrate how to merge data using omicverse and perform a corrective analysis for batch effects. We provide a total of 4 methods for batch effect correction in omicverse, including harmony, scanorama and combat which do not require GPU, and SIMBA which requires GPU. if available, we recommend using GPU-based scVI and scANVI to get the best batch effect correction results.
import omicverse as ov
#print(f"omicverse version: {ov.__version__}")
import scanpy as sc
#print(f"scanpy version: {sc.__version__}")
ov.utils.ov_plot_set()
____ _ _ __
/ __ \____ ___ (_)___| | / /__ _____________
/ / / / __ `__ \/ / ___/ | / / _ \/ ___/ ___/ _ \
/ /_/ / / / / / / / /__ | |/ / __/ / (__ ) __/
\____/_/ /_/ /_/_/\___/ |___/\___/_/ /____/\___/
Version: 1.5.3, Tutorials: https://omicverse.readthedocs.io/
Data integration
First, we need to concat the data of scRNA-seq from different batch. We can use sc.concat to perform it.
The dataset we will use to demonstrate data integration contains several samples of bone marrow mononuclear cells. These samples were originally created for the Open Problems in Single-Cell Analysis NeurIPS Competition 2021.
We selected sample of s1d3, s2d1 and s3d7 to perform integrate. The individual data can be downloaded from figshare.
- s1d3:
- s2d1:
- s3d7:
adata1=ov.read('neurips2021_s1d3.h5ad')
adata1.obs['batch']='s1d3'
adata2=ov.read('neurips2021_s2d1.h5ad')
adata2.obs['batch']='s2d1'
adata3=ov.read('neurips2021_s3d7.h5ad')
adata3.obs['batch']='s3d7'
adata=sc.concat([adata1,adata2,adata3],merge='same')
adata
AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 27423 × 13953
obs: 'GEX_n_genes_by_counts', 'GEX_pct_counts_mt', 'GEX_size_factors', 'GEX_phase', 'ADT_n_antibodies_by_counts', 'ADT_total_counts', 'ADT_iso_count', 'cell_type', 'batch', 'ADT_pseudotime_order', 'GEX_pseudotime_order', 'Samplename', 'Site', 'DonorNumber', 'Modality', 'VendorLot', 'DonorID', 'DonorAge', 'DonorBMI', 'DonorBloodType', 'DonorRace', 'Ethnicity', 'DonorGender', 'QCMeds', 'DonorSmoker', 'is_train'
var: 'feature_types', 'gene_id'
obsm: 'ADT_X_pca', 'ADT_X_umap', 'ADT_isotype_controls', 'GEX_X_pca', 'GEX_X_umap'
layers: 'counts'
We can see that there are now three elements in the batch
adata.obs['batch'].unique()
array(['s1d3', 's2d1', 's3d7'], dtype=object)
import numpy as np
adata.X=adata.X.astype(np.int64)
Data preprocess and Batch visualize
We first performed quality control of the data and normalisation with screening for highly variable genes. Then visualise potential batch effects in the data.
Here, we can set batch_key=batch to correct the doublet detection and Highly variable genes identification.
adata=ov.pp.qc(adata,
tresh={'mito_perc': 0.2, 'nUMIs': 500, 'detected_genes': 250},
batch_key='batch')
adata
Calculate QC metrics
End calculation of QC metrics.
Original cell number: 27423
Begin of post doublets removal and QC plot
Running Scrublet
filtered out 116 genes that are detected in less than 3 cells
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
extracting highly variable genes
finished (0:00:00)
--> added
'highly_variable', boolean vector (adata.var)
'means', float vector (adata.var)
'dispersions', float vector (adata.var)
'dispersions_norm', float vector (adata.var)
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
Embedding transcriptomes using PCA...
Automatically set threshold at doublet score = 0.52
Detected doublet rate = 0.0%
Estimated detectable doublet fraction = 11.5%
Overall doublet rate:
Expected = 5.0%
Estimated = 0.3%
filtered out 26 genes that are detected in less than 3 cells
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
extracting highly variable genes
finished (0:00:00)
--> added
'highly_variable', boolean vector (adata.var)
'means', float vector (adata.var)
'dispersions', float vector (adata.var)
'dispersions_norm', float vector (adata.var)
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
Embedding transcriptomes using PCA...
Automatically set threshold at doublet score = 0.50
Detected doublet rate = 0.0%
Estimated detectable doublet fraction = 36.7%
Overall doublet rate:
Expected = 5.0%
Estimated = 0.0%
filtered out 11 genes that are detected in less than 3 cells
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
extracting highly variable genes
finished (0:00:00)
--> added
'highly_variable', boolean vector (adata.var)
'means', float vector (adata.var)
'dispersions', float vector (adata.var)
'dispersions_norm', float vector (adata.var)
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
normalizing counts per cell
finished (0:00:00)
Embedding transcriptomes using PCA...
Automatically set threshold at doublet score = 0.52
Detected doublet rate = 0.1%
Estimated detectable doublet fraction = 21.3%
Overall doublet rate:
Expected = 5.0%
Estimated = 0.3%
Scrublet finished (0:00:20)
Cells retained after scrublet: 27412, 11 removed.
End of post doublets removal and QC plots.
Filters application (seurat or mads)
Lower treshold, nUMIs: 500; filtered-out-cells: 0
Lower treshold, n genes: 250; filtered-out-cells: 420
Lower treshold, mito %: 0.2; filtered-out-cells: 285
Filters applicated.
Total cell filtered out with this last --mode seurat QC (and its chosen options): 705
Cells retained after scrublet and seurat filtering: 26707, 716 removed.
AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 26707 × 13953
obs: 'GEX_n_genes_by_counts', 'GEX_pct_counts_mt', 'GEX_size_factors', 'GEX_phase', 'ADT_n_antibodies_by_counts', 'ADT_total_counts', 'ADT_iso_count', 'cell_type', 'batch', 'ADT_pseudotime_order', 'GEX_pseudotime_order', 'Samplename', 'Site', 'DonorNumber', 'Modality', 'VendorLot', 'DonorID', 'DonorAge', 'DonorBMI', 'DonorBloodType', 'DonorRace', 'Ethnicity', 'DonorGender', 'QCMeds', 'DonorSmoker', 'is_train', 'nUMIs', 'mito_perc', 'detected_genes', 'cell_complexity', 'n_genes', 'doublet_score', 'predicted_doublet', 'passing_mt', 'passing_nUMIs', 'passing_ngenes'
var: 'feature_types', 'gene_id', 'mt', 'n_cells'
uns: 'scrublet'
obsm: 'ADT_X_pca', 'ADT_X_umap', 'ADT_isotype_controls', 'GEX_X_pca', 'GEX_X_umap'
layers: 'counts'
We can store the raw counts if we need the raw counts after filtered the HVGs.
ov.utils.store_layers(adata,layers='counts')
adata
......The X of adata have been stored in counts
AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 26707 × 13953
obs: 'GEX_n_genes_by_counts', 'GEX_pct_counts_mt', 'GEX_size_factors', 'GEX_phase', 'ADT_n_antibodies_by_counts', 'ADT_total_counts', 'ADT_iso_count', 'cell_type', 'batch', 'ADT_pseudotime_order', 'GEX_pseudotime_order', 'Samplename', 'Site', 'DonorNumber', 'Modality', 'VendorLot', 'DonorID', 'DonorAge', 'DonorBMI', 'DonorBloodType', 'DonorRace', 'Ethnicity', 'DonorGender', 'QCMeds', 'DonorSmoker', 'is_train', 'nUMIs', 'mito_perc', 'detected_genes', 'cell_complexity', 'n_genes', 'doublet_score', 'predicted_doublet', 'passing_mt', 'passing_nUMIs', 'passing_ngenes'
var: 'feature_types', 'gene_id', 'mt', 'n_cells'
uns: 'scrublet', 'layers_counts'
obsm: 'ADT_X_pca', 'ADT_X_umap', 'ADT_isotype_controls', 'GEX_X_pca', 'GEX_X_umap'
layers: 'counts'
adata=ov.pp.preprocess(adata,mode='shiftlog|pearson',
n_HVGs=3000,batch_key=None)
adata
Begin robust gene identification
After filtration, 13953/13953 genes are kept. Among 13953 genes, 13953 genes are robust.
End of robust gene identification.
Begin size normalization: shiftlog and HVGs selection pearson
normalizing counts per cell The following highly-expressed genes are not considered during normalization factor computation:
['IGKC', 'HBB', 'MALAT1', 'IGHA1', 'IGHM', 'HBA2', 'IGLC1', 'IGLC2', 'IGLC3']
finished (0:00:00)
extracting highly variable genes
--> added
'highly_variable', boolean vector (adata.var)
'highly_variable_rank', float vector (adata.var)
'highly_variable_nbatches', int vector (adata.var)
'highly_variable_intersection', boolean vector (adata.var)
'means', float vector (adata.var)
'variances', float vector (adata.var)
'residual_variances', float vector (adata.var)
End of size normalization: shiftlog and HVGs selection pearson
AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 26707 × 13953
obs: 'GEX_n_genes_by_counts', 'GEX_pct_counts_mt', 'GEX_size_factors', 'GEX_phase', 'ADT_n_antibodies_by_counts', 'ADT_total_counts', 'ADT_iso_count', 'cell_type', 'batch', 'ADT_pseudotime_order', 'GEX_pseudotime_order', 'Samplename', 'Site', 'DonorNumber', 'Modality', 'VendorLot', 'DonorID', 'DonorAge', 'DonorBMI', 'DonorBloodType', 'DonorRace', 'Ethnicity', 'DonorGender', 'QCMeds', 'DonorSmoker', 'is_train', 'nUMIs', 'mito_perc', 'detected_genes', 'cell_complexity', 'n_genes', 'doublet_score', 'predicted_doublet', 'passing_mt', 'passing_nUMIs', 'passing_ngenes'
var: 'feature_types', 'gene_id', 'mt', 'n_cells', 'percent_cells', 'robust', 'mean', 'var', 'residual_variances', 'highly_variable_rank', 'highly_variable_features'
uns: 'scrublet', 'layers_counts', 'log1p', 'hvg'
obsm: 'ADT_X_pca', 'ADT_X_umap', 'ADT_isotype_controls', 'GEX_X_pca', 'GEX_X_umap'
layers: 'counts'
adata.raw = adata
adata = adata[:, adata.var.highly_variable_features]
adata
View of AnnData object with n_obs × n_vars = 26707 × 3000
obs: 'GEX_n_genes_by_counts', 'GEX_pct_counts_mt', 'GEX_size_factors', 'GEX_phase', 'ADT_n_antibodies_by_counts', 'ADT_total_counts', 'ADT_iso_count', 'cell_type', 'batch', 'ADT_pseudotime_order', 'GEX_pseudotime_order', 'Samplename', 'Site', 'DonorNumber', 'Modality', 'VendorLot', 'DonorID', 'DonorAge', 'DonorBMI', 'DonorBloodType', 'DonorRace', 'Ethnicity', 'DonorGender', 'QCMeds', 'DonorSmoker', 'is_train', 'nUMIs', 'mito_perc', 'detected_genes', 'cell_complexity', 'n_genes', 'doublet_score', 'predicted_doublet', 'passing_mt', 'passing_nUMIs', 'passing_ngenes'
var: 'feature_types', 'gene_id', 'mt', 'n_cells', 'percent_cells', 'robust', 'mean', 'var', 'residual_variances', 'highly_variable_rank', 'highly_variable_features'
uns: 'scrublet', 'layers_counts', 'log1p', 'hvg'
obsm: 'ADT_X_pca', 'ADT_X_umap', 'ADT_isotype_controls', 'GEX_X_pca', 'GEX_X_umap'
layers: 'counts'
We can save the pre-processed data.
adata.write_h5ad('neurips2021_batch_normlog.h5ad',compression='gzip')
Similarly, we calculated PCA for HVGs and visualised potential batch effects in the data using pymde. pymde is GPU-accelerated UMAP.
ov.pp.scale(adata)
ov.pp.pca(adata,layer='scaled',n_pcs=50)
adata.obsm["X_mde_pca"] = ov.utils.mde(adata.obsm["scaled|original|X_pca"])
... as `zero_center=True`, sparse input is densified and may lead to large memory consumption
There is a very clear batch effect in the data
ov.utils.embedding(adata,
basis='X_mde_pca',frameon='small',
color=['batch','cell_type'],show=False)
[<AxesSubplot: title={'center': 'batch'}, xlabel='X_mde_pca1', ylabel='X_mde_pca2'>,
<AxesSubplot: title={'center': 'cell_type'}, xlabel='X_mde_pca1', ylabel='X_mde_pca2'>]
